An Argument 
What are techniques ?
Ecological Design, Van der Ryn
Meaning in Technology, Pacey
• Fact 1: techniques trap performance in the sense that they capture how best to implement devices to achieve and optimum affect.
• Fact 2: songs may be the earliest expression of human memories, recalled by verse of meter or rhyme.
• Fact 3: the aural or oral traditions of speaking and recitation are quite ancient in Indian, Chinese and Asia minor or Greek..
• Fact 4: writing displaced the aural or oral traditions of speaking and recitation.
• Fact 5: Recent replacement of hand tools by machinery is an example of a need to alter techniques to suit a new tool complex.
People centered technological approaches.
• Fact 6: Machinery replaced simple organization and assisted with automation.
Serious pollution accompanied the mechanical and mining revolutions. The challenges of conservation and preservation of water and land were needed to make that forestry and fishery resources resilient to polluted air, acidifying waters and burning up of wood, peat, charcoal and coal fuels. We had a world of new techniques to promulgate as tools were dispersed to gain mastery over natural forces and direct human or animal labor.
Techniques as the access ways to use and mastery of tools.
technique [ etymology: ORIGIN is French from Latin; technics, in early 17th cent.(as an adjective in the sense [to do with art or an art] ): from Latin technicus, from Greek tekhnikos, from tekhn? ‘art.’ The noun dates from the 19th cent.
noun
1 "A different way to solving the problem." meaning: a method, process, approach, procedure, system, modus operandi, MO, way; means, strategy, tack, tactic, line; routine, practice, virtuosity.
2 I was impressed with his technique of persuasion. skill, ability, proficiency, expertise, mastery, talent, genius, artistry, craftsmanship; aptitude, adroitness, deftness, dexterity, facility, competence; performance, delivery; informal know-how.
Date: May 18, 2008
Three realms of technology or aspects of technical power
Pacey on Meaning | Pursell | Technology defined | Dimensions of Technology
A technique of discovery | Photographs, impact of
Periods in history by tool's used.
Technology index 
landscape index words index photograph index
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| Tools of Toil: what to read. | ||
| Tools are historical building blocks of technology. | ||
